Resumen Mesotrione es un herbicida que se emplea para el control de un amplio espectro de malezas durante la pre y pos-emergencia en el cultivo de maíz (Z. mays L). El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la mesotrione en el crecimiento, pigmentación con imágenes en el espectro visible (rojo, verde y azul, RGB) y fluorescencia (Fv/Fm) en los cultivares de maíz Cacahuacintle, HS-2 y Vitamaíz. Las plantas fueron cultivadas en invernadero, en el Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo durante 2020, se analizaron en la etapa vegetativa V3-V4 con un diseño de bloques completos al azar y con arreglo factorial. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: testigos (agua y coadyuvante sin mesotrione) y mesotrione 1X y 2X. Diez días después de la aplicación, se obtuvieron imágenes de las plantas, las cuales se analizaron con el programa LemnaGrid. Ninguna de las dosis de mesotrione alteró el crecimiento de los cultivares; aunque sí hubo efectos en el color de las plantas. La pérdida de color verde (clorosis) se presentó en más de 50% de la base de la lámina foliar y con manchas en el ápice. Las imágenes de la fluorescencia de la clorofila y el índice Fv/Fm en fragmentos de hojas, indicaron que la dosis mayor de mesotrione (2X) en los cultivares Cacahuacintle y Vitamaíz mantuvieron valores similares a los testigos; en contraste, esos valores en HS-2 disminuyeron. Los resultados del presente estudio demostraron la utilidad del fenotipo no invasivo, con imágenes RGB y de la fluorescencia de la clorofila para evaluar el efecto de herbicidas en los cultivos.

Abstract Mesotrione is an herbicide that is used for the control of a wide spectrum of weeds during pre- and post-emergence in the crop of corn (Z. mays L). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of mesotrione on growth, pigmentation, with images in the visible spectrum (red, green, and blue, RGB) and fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in the corn cultivars Cacahuacintle, HS-2 and Vitamaíz. The plants were grown in greenhouses, in the College of Postgraduates, Montecillo Campus during 2020, they were analyzed in the vegetative stage V3-V4 with a design of randomized complete blocks and with factorial arrangement. The treatments evaluated were controls (water and adjuvant without mesotrione) and mesotrione 1X and 2X. Ten days after application, images of the plants were obtained, which were analyzed with the LemnaGrid program. None of the mesotrione doses altered the growth of the cultivars, although there were effects on the color of the plants. The loss of green color (chlorosis) occurred in more than 50% of the base of the leaf blade and with spots at the apex. The images of chlorophyll fluorescence and the Fv/Fm index in leaf fragments indicated that the highest dose of mesotrione (2X) in the cultivars Cacahuacintle and Vitamaíz maintained values similar to the controls; in contrast, in HS-2 those values decreased. The results of the present study demonstrated the usefulness of non-invasive phenotyping with RGB images, and of the chlorophyll fluorescence to evaluate the effect of herbicides on crops.

ABSTRACT Objective Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a cause of massive obstetric hemorrhage and maternal mortality. The application of family-centered delivery techniques (FCDTs) during surgery to treat this disease is infrequent. We evaluate the implementation of FCDTs during PAS surgeries. Methods This was a prospective, descriptive study that included PAS patients undergoing surgical management over a 12-month period. The patients were divided according to whether FCDTs were applied (group 1) or not (group 2), and the clinical outcomes were measured. In addition, hospital anesthesiologists were surveyed to evaluate their opinions regarding the implementation of FCDTs during the surgical management of PAS. Results Thirteen patients with PAS were included. The implementation of FCDTs during birth was possible in 53.8% of the patients. The presence of a companion during surgery and skin-to-skin contact did not hinder interdisciplinary management in any case. Conclusion Implementation of FCDTs during PAS care is possible in selected patients at centers with experience in managing this disease.

Resumo Objetivo O espectro da placenta acreta (do inglês placenta accreta spectrum - PAS) é causa de hemorragia obstétrica maciça e mortalidade materna. A aplicação de técnicas de parto centrado na família (do inglês family-centered delivery techniques - FCDTs) durante a cirurgia para tratar esta doença é pouco frequente. Avaliamos a implementação das FCDTs durante as cirurgias do PAS. Métodos Estudo prospectivo e descritivo que incluiu pacientes com PAS submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico durante um período de 12 meses. Os pacientes foram divididos de acordo com a aplicação de FCDTs (grupo 1) ou não (grupo 2), e os resultados clínicos foram medidos. Além disso, anestesiologistas hospitalares foram entrevistados para avaliar suas opiniões sobre a implementação das FCDTs durante o manejo cirúrgico do PAS. Resultados Foram incluídos 13 pacientes com PAS. A implementação de FCDTs durante o parto foi possível em 53,8% das pacientes. A presença do acompanhante durante a cirurgia e o contato pele a pele não prejudicou o manejo interdisciplinar em nenhum caso. Conclusão A implementação de FCDTs durante o atendimento do PAS é possível em pacientes selecionados em centros com experiência no manejo dessa doença.

ABSTRACT The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. causes yield losses of up to 68% on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops. Genetic resistance in the host plant makes the crop sustainable and it can breakdown when there is a high population density of the pathogen. The objective of this study was to determine the nematode population density that allow determining the resistance potential of tomato germplasm associated with the Mi-1 resistance gen. The Mi-1 gene was evaluated with the molecular marker SCAR Mi-23 and specific primers in the genotypes COLY007, IAC1687, LA0445, IAC1622 and two commercial controls (susceptible and resistant). The damage scale and the number of individuals recovered (eggs and juveniles) were assessed, with different population densities of the pathogen inoculated (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 individuals plant-1), in a split plot design, with six replicates and a plant as the experimental unit. The genotype IAC1687 and the resistant commercial control presented the resistance allele of the Mi-1 gene and were classified as moderately resistant to a density of 1000 individuals plant-1. Despite having the Mi-1 gene, the COLY007 genotype was classified as moderately susceptible and with densities greater than 1000 individuals plant-1 can break resistance in all genotypes evaluated. Additionally, it is necessary to correlate the genotypic and phenotypic responses to guarantee the success of the selection supported by molecular markers such as SCAR Mi-23 and identify promising genotypes that could be included in a long-term breeding and also used as rootstocks in an integrated management of root-knot nematode.

Resumen Introducción. En las hernias paraesofágicas tipo IV se produce la herniación del estómago junto a otros órganos abdominales. La herniación del páncreas es muy infrecuente. Caso clínico. Varón de 57 años que acude por dolor torácico, disnea e intolerancia al decúbito. En la tomografía computarizada toracoabdominal se observa hernia diafragmática que contiene colon transverso, intestino delgado y páncreas, con reticulación de la grasa alrededor del mismo, compatible con pancreatitis aguda. Conclusión. La asociación de hernia hiatal con páncreas herniado y pancreatitis es extremadamente infrecuente. El diagnóstico se estableció mediante tomografía computarizada y el tratamiento fue conservador, con cirugía diferida de la hernia de hiato.

Abstract Introduction. In type IV paraesophageal hernias, the stomach is herniated along with other abdominal organs. Herniation of the pancreas is very rare. Clinical case. A 57-year-old man presented with chest pain, dyspnea, and intolerance to decubitus. The thoracoabdominal computed tomography shows a diaphragmatic hernia containing the transverse colon, small intestine and pancreas, with reticulation of fat around it, compatible with acute pancreatitis. Conclusion. The association of hiatal hernia with herniated pancreas and pancreatitis is extremely rare. The diagnosis was established by computerized tomography and the treatment was conservative, with delayed surgery for the hiatal hernia.

Resumo As desigualdades de género na academia neoliberal têm vindo a ser abordadas através de diferentes perspetivas: articulação entre vida privada, familiar e profissional; divisão desigual do trabalho administrativo; expectativas dissemelhantes em relação ao trabalho emocional; assédio moral, entre outros. A pandemia exacerbou estas desigualdades, ao mesmo tempo que trouxe novos desafios para as docentes e investigadoras. A implementação do modelo de trabalho remoto nas instituições de ensino superior e científicas concomitante com a suspensão das aulas presenciais em creches e escolas, bem como com a interrupção dos serviços de apoios ao cuidado de pessoas adultas em situação de dependência, impôs novos contratempos para a articulação das exigências da vida pessoal, familiar e profissional para as mulheres. A partir de uma metodologia mista que engloba um inquérito online (n = 607), dois grupos focais com docentes, investigadores e investigadoras, e 17 entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres que exercem atividades de docência e de investigação, procurámos analisar de que forma, no contexto das instituições de ensino superior e científicas portuguesas, as mulheres experienciaram e negociaram a passagem para o trabalho remoto no que diz respeito às demandas de articulação entre vida privada, pessoal e profissional.

Abstract Gender inequalities in higher education and scientific institutions in the neoliberal context have been approached from different perspectives: articulation between private, family and professional lives; unequal division of faculty work; dissimilar expectations regarding emotional work; moral harassment and etc. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated these inequalities while posing new challenges for teachers and researchers women. The implementation of the remote work model in higher education and scientific institutions, simultaneous to the suspension of face-to-face classes in day care centers and schools and the interruption of support services for the care of dependent adults, imposed new setbacks for the articulation of personal, family and private lives work-life balance for academic women. Using a mixed methodology comprising an online survey (n = 607), 17 in-depth interviews with women teachers and researches and two mixed focus groups, we analyze how, in the context of Portuguese higher education and scientific institutions, teachers and researches women experienced and negotiated the transition to remote work with regard to the demands personal, family and professional lives.

This work reports the synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of a novel ruthenium(II) complex, [RuCl(dppb)(44bipy)(4-pic)]PF6 (where dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane; 44bipy = 4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-dipyridyl; 4-pic = 4-picoline). The molecular structure and catalytic activity were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, and X-ray crystallography, while the electronic structure was investigated by density-functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. Electrochemical studies showed the substitution of the chlorido ligand from the precursor by the 4-pic ligand, exhibiting the RuII/RuIII process at 1.21 V. The structure of the compound was optimized using DFT simulations and showed data similar to the X-ray structure. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum showed a good agreement with TD-DFT simulations. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies were determined at the Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) level. The study of the catalytic activity in the transfer hydrogenation of ketones by the 1H NMR showed efficient transfer hydrogenation reaction at 60 ºC, employing acetophenone as substrate and resulting in a high conversion. The formation of two ruthenium-hydride species was observed.

Abstract: In this article, we argue that recent Venezuelan migration is a diaspora on the making. Based on participant observations and interviews with key informants and Venezuelan immigrants living in Argentina, the United States (Florida), and Portugal, we establish that the shared experience arising from the humanitarian crisis in their country of origin, and their common transnational reality is contributing to the process institutionalization and consolidation of the Venezuelan diaspora.

Resumen: En este artículo proponemos que la reciente migración venezolana es una diáspora en proceso de construcción. A partir de observación participante y entrevistas con informantes clave e inmigrantes venezolanos residentes en Argentina, Estados Unidos (Florida) y Portugal, sostenemos que tanto la experiencia común de la crisis humanitaria en el país de origen como la realidad transnacional compartida, contribuye a que los venezolanos en el exterior constituyan una diáspora en proceso de institucionalización y consolidación.

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 health pandemic infected thousands of Ecuadorians and completely paralyzed the tourism activity in Ecuador. The country lost $ 400 million dollars a day in tourism revenue. The economic crisis unleashed a value chain that directly affected businessmen, entrepreneurs and others affiliated with the tourism chamber of the province of Pastaza. The mandatory closure of the activity affected the economy of: Tourist transport, inns, Spas, cafeterias, recreational centers, restaurants, soda fountains, discos, bars and community tourism. The objective of the study is to make a diagnosis that identifies the economic situation, unemployment, its capacity and strategies for the progress of tourism in the province. A questionnaire was used for the chamber's businessmen, the information was processed by means of the quantitative and qualitative method. The results determine: economic losses, obligations with suppliers and reduced capacity in attention. For its reactivation, strategic alliances are proposed through the search for the international seal Safe Travels "Puyo Bio-safe destination". Massive layoffs are concluded due to economic insolvency, financial obligations in arrears due to low sales, and the closure of activities, the opening of the tourist activity is slow except for gastronomy.

RESUMEN La pandemia sanitaria COVID-19 infecto a miles de ecuatorianos y paralizó de manera total la actividad turística en Ecuador, en turismo el país dejo de percibir económicamente $ 400 millones de dólares diarios. La crisis económica desato una cadena de valor que afectó de manera directa a los empresarios, emprendedores y otros afiliados a la cámara de turismo de la provincia de Pastaza. El cierre obligatorio de la actividad afectó la economía de: Transporte turístico, hosterías, Balnearios, cafeterías, centros recreacionales, restaurantes, fuentes de soda, discotecas, bares y el turismo comunitario. El objetivo del estudio relaciona un diagnóstico que identifica la situación económica, desempleo, sus aforos y estrategias para el progreso turístico de la provincia. Se empleó un cuestionario para los empresarios de la cámara, la información se procesó mediante el método cuantitativo y cualitativo. Los resultados determinan: pérdidas económicas, obligaciones con proveedores y aforos reducidos en atención. Para su reactivación se propone alianzas estratégicas mediante la búsqueda del sello internacional Safe Travels “Puyo destino Bio-seguro” Se concluye despidos masivos por insolvencia económica, obligaciones financieras en mora por ventas bajas a ello se adhiere el cierre de actividades, la apertura de la actividad turística se enrumba a paso lento a excepción de la gastronomía.

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe visual impairment among diabetics aged 50 years and over, and the coverage of ophthalmological care in Cuba in the year 2016. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted based on the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness survey developed in Cuba in the year 2016, which included diabetic retinopathy with validation by the World Health Organization. The data obtained from the questionnaires were transferred to a database of visually impaired known and unknown diabetics. Results: Prevalence of any sort of visual impairment among diabetics is 25.4% (21.8-28.9). Risk of developing moderate visual impairment, severe visual impairment or blindness is 19.4% (16.5-22.3), 2.8% (1.0-4.6) and 3.2% (1.5-4.8), respectively. Cataract is the leading cause of impairment. Risk of visual impairment among diabetics is similar in the two sexes and increases with age. Treatment coverage is low. Conclusions: In Cuba, about one fourth of the diabetics are at some risk of visual impairment. Diabetics are at a higher risk of moderate visual impairment. However, the risk of severe visual impairment and blindness is the same as for the population aged 50 years and over. Cataract and diabetic retinopathy are the most common causes of visual impairment among diabetics. Difficulties were found in ophthalmological care, including examination and treatment coverage for cataract and laser therapy for diabetic retinopathy.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la discapacidad visual del diabético de 50 años y más de edad y la cobertura de la atención oftalmológica en Cuba durante el año 2016. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación epidemiológica, descriptiva y transversal que tomó la encuesta rápida de ceguera evitable realizada en Cuba en el año 2016, la cual incluyó la retinopatía diabética validada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Con los datos obtenidos en los cuestionarios se confeccionó una base de datos donde se tomaron todos los diabéticos conocidos o no con discapacidad visual. Resultados: La prevalencia de cualquier tipo de discapacidad visual en el diabético es de 25,4 % (21,8-28,9). El riesgo de desarrollar discapacidad visual moderada, grave y ceguera es de 19,4 % (16,5-22,3), 2,8 % (1,0-4,6) y 3,2 % (1,5-4,8) respectivamente. La catarata es la primera causa de discapacidad. El riesgo de discapacidad visual en el diabético es similar para uno y otro sexo y se incrementa con la edad. Las coberturas de tratamiento son bajas. Conclusiones: En Cuba, alrededor de un cuarto de los diabéticos tienen algún riesgo de discapacidad visual. El diabético tiene mayor riesgo de discapacidad visual moderada; sin embargo, el riesgo de discapacidad visual grave y de ceguera es el mismo para toda la población de 50 años y más de edad. La catarata y la retinopatía diabética son las causas más frecuentes de discapacidad visual en el diabético. Se evidencian dificultades con la atención oftalmológica, que incluye el examen y la cobertura de tratamiento de la catarata y del láser para la retinopatía diabética.

Resumo Introdução A saúde é um direito universal em Portugal garantido pela Lei nº 56/79, artigo 4º, mas fatores sociais de gênero e de nacionalidade têm condicionado o seu acesso, a exemplo do preconceito sofrido pelas brasileiras residentes nesse país e da falta de acesso em relação à saúde reprodutiva vivenciados por elas. Objetivo Analisar a percepção de mulheres imigrantes brasileiras em relação aos serviços de saúde reprodutiva em Portugal. Método Foram realizadas entrevistas com 13 mulheres selecionadas mediante a técnica de amostragem em bola de neve. Resultados As brasileiras revelaram preferência pela cesariana, o que pode colaborar para a existência de preconceito nos serviços públicos (Serviço Nacional de Saúde), alegando que eles fazem apenas parto normal sem o uso de analgesia, além de ser conduzido por enfermeiros. Nos atendimentos particulares, a cesariana normalmente é realizada, e não foi notada a presença de preconceito. Conclusão Tal predileção, provavelmente, não esteja apenas relacionada às dificuldades experimentadas pelas imigrantes no Serviço Nacional de Saúde de Portugal, mas também à cultura favorável à cesariana, sobretudo no estado de São Paulo, que as brasileiras levam consigo ao migrarem, seja por questões de saúde ou de estética

Abstract Background In Portugal, health is a legal universal right (Law no. 56/79, art. 4); however, people’s access to it is conditioned by social factors such as gender and nationality, and the case of prejudice against Brazilian women who live in that country, especially regarding their reproductive health, is an example of this conditioning. Objective Analyze the immigrating Brazilian women’s perception of the reproductive health services in Portugal. Method Interviews were conducted with 13 women selected using the snowball sampling method. Results The Brazilian women showed a preference for Cesarean section, which may contribute to increasing the prejudice against them in the Portuguese public health system (SNS). They argued that, in the SNS, normal delivery is performed by nurses without the use of anesthetics. Cesarean sections are frequently carried out in the private health system, where the women surveyed did not notice the presence of prejudice. Conclusion This predilection probably is not only related to the difficulties immigrants experience in the SNS, but also to the culture favoring Cesarean section that exists, especially in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, which is carried with these women when they emigrate, due to either health or esthetic issues.

ABSTRACT Introduction: occupational exposure to particulate matter can cause respiratory diseases, however, the magnitude and frequency of exposure could also increase the risk of adverse effects on cardiovascular health. For professionals in the area, it is important to recognize this risk factor and multisystem implications to the health of the worker. Objective: analyze and describe the influence of occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM) on the cardiovascular and pulmonary system in workers from various areas. Material and Methods: A search of scientific literature related to the research objective uses databases PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus and Ovid was performed. The following search terms will be used: “particulate matter”, “air pollution”, “occupational exposure”, associating with the terms: “cardiovascular effects”, “pulmonary effects”, “lung function”, “cardiovascular disease” and “ pulmonary”. disease “. Results: out of 220 potential articles, 50 articles were selected, of which 10 expose the influence of particulate matter in the workplace. Conclusions: the main results are that the occupational exposure to particulate matter generates especially health problems, showing a greater effect in the decrease of lung function and increase in blood pressure, related to the appearance of occupational diseases such as asbestosis, silicosis, pneumoconiosis, acute myocardial infarction and cardiac arrhythmias.

RESUMEN. Introducción: la exposición laboral a material particulado puede causar enfermedades de las vías respiratorias, no obstante, la magnitud y frecuencia en la exposición podría también aumentar el riesgo de efectos adversos en la salud cardiovascular. Para los profesionales en el área, es relevante el reconocer este factor de riesgo y sus implicaciones multisistémicas a la salud del trabajador. Objetivo: analizar y describir la influencia de la exposición laboral al material particulado en el sistema cardiovascular y pulmonar en trabajadores de diversas áreas. Material y Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda de bibliografía científica relacionada al objetivo de investigación consultando las bases de datos PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus y Ovid. Se utilizaron los siguientes términos de búsqueda: “particulate matter”, “air pollution”, “occupational exposure”, asociando con los términos: “cardiovascular effects”, “pulmonary effects”, “pulmonary function”, “cardiovascular desease” y “pulmonary desease”. Resultados: de 220 artículos potenciales se seleccionaron 50 artículos, de los cuales 10 exponen la influencia del material particulado en el ámbito laboral. Conclusiones: la exposición laboral al material particulado genera problemas de salud, evidenciándose mayor efecto en la disminución de la función pulmonar y aumento de la presión arterial, relacionado a la aparición de enfermedades laborales como asbestosis, silicosis, neumoconiosis, infarto agudo de miocardio y arritmias cardiacas.

Abstract This article explores how intersections of gender, race, and nationality influence both the migration experience and identity processes of Brazilians living in Santiago, Chile. We use a biographical-intersectional analysis of their migratory trajectories collected with the Life Stories Method, in-depth interviews, and Fotohistorias (participatory photography). The analysis suggests that Brazilian female corporality, represented especially by Afro-descendant women, becomes simultaneously an icon of a sexualized Brazilianness and a device of agency and identity negotiations.

Resumen Este artículo explora cómo las intersecciones de género, raza y nacionalidad inciden en la experiencia migratoria y en los procesos identitarios de brasileños/as residentes en Santiago de Chile. Para ello, aplicamos un análisis Biográfico-Interseccional a sus trayectorias migratorias obtenidas a través del método de los relatos de vida, entrevistas en profundidad y fotohistorias (fotografía participativa). Este análisis sugiere que la corporalidad de la mujer brasileña, especialmente representada por la mujer afrodescendiente, se torna, al mismo tiempo, ícono de una brasilidad sexualizada y dispositivo de agencia y de negociaciones identitarias.

Resumo Introdução A saúde é um direito universal em Portugal garantido pela Lei nº 56/79, artigo 4º, mas fatores sociais de gênero e de nacionalidade têm condicionado o seu acesso, a exemplo do preconceito sofrido pelas brasileiras residentes nesse país e da falta de acesso em relação à saúde reprodutiva vivenciados por elas. Objetivo Analisar a percepção de mulheres imigrantes brasileiras em relação aos serviços de saúde reprodutiva em Portugal. Método Foram realizadas entrevistas com 13 mulheres selecionadas mediante a técnica de amostragem em bola de neve. Resultados As brasileiras revelaram preferência pela cesariana, o que pode colaborar para a existência de preconceito nos serviços públicos (Serviço Nacional de Saúde), alegando que eles fazem apenas parto normal sem o uso de analgesia, além de ser conduzido por enfermeiros. Nos atendimentos particulares, a cesariana normalmente é realizada, e não foi notada a presença de preconceito. Conclusão Tal predileção, provavelmente, não esteja apenas relacionada às dificuldades experimentadas pelas imigrantes no Serviço Nacional de Saúde de Portugal, mas também à cultura favorável à cesariana, sobretudo no estado de São Paulo, que as brasileiras levam consigo ao migrarem, seja por questões de saúde ou de estética

Abstract Background In Portugal, health is a legal universal right (Law no. 56/79, art. 4); however, people’s access to it is conditioned by social factors such as gender and nationality, and the case of prejudice against Brazilian women who live in that country, especially regarding their reproductive health, is an example of this conditioning. Objective Analyze the immigrating Brazilian women’s perception of the reproductive health services in Portugal. Method Interviews were conducted with 13 women selected using the snowball sampling method. Results The Brazilian women showed a preference for Cesarean section, which may contribute to increasing the prejudice against them in the Portuguese public health system (SNS). They argued that, in the SNS, normal delivery is performed by nurses without the use of anesthetics. Cesarean sections are frequently carried out in the private health system, where the women surveyed did not notice the presence of prejudice. Conclusion This predilection probably is not only related to the difficulties immigrants experience in the SNS, but also to the culture favoring Cesarean section that exists, especially in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, which is carried with these women when they emigrate, due to either health or esthetic issues.

RESUMEN. Introducción: la exposición laboral a material particulado puede causar enfermedades de las vías respiratorias, no obstante, la magnitud y frecuencia en la exposición podría también aumentar el riesgo de efectos adversos en la salud cardiovascular. Para los profesionales en el área, es relevante el reconocer este factor de riesgo y sus implicaciones multisistémicas a la salud del trabajador. Objetivo: analizar y describir la influencia de la exposición laboral al material particulado en el sistema cardiovascular y pulmonar en trabajadores de diversas áreas. Material y Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda de bibliografía científica relacionada al objetivo de investigación consultando las bases de datos PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus y Ovid. Se utilizaron los siguientes términos de búsqueda: “particulate matter”, “air pollution”, “occupational exposure”, asociando con los términos: “cardiovascular effects”, “pulmonary effects”, “pulmonary function”, “cardiovascular desease” y “pulmonary desease”. Resultados: de 220 artículos potenciales se seleccionaron 50 artículos, de los cuales 10 exponen la influencia del material particulado en el ámbito laboral. Conclusiones: la exposición laboral al material particulado genera problemas de salud, evidenciándose mayor efecto en la disminución de la función pulmonar y aumento de la presión arterial, relacionado a la aparición de enfermedades laborales como asbestosis, silicosis, neumoconiosis, infarto agudo de miocardio y arritmias cardiacas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: occupational exposure to particulate matter can cause respiratory diseases, however, the magnitude and frequency of exposure could also increase the risk of adverse effects on cardiovascular health. For professionals in the area, it is important to recognize this risk factor and multisystem implications to the health of the worker. Objective: analyze and describe the influence of occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM) on the cardiovascular and pulmonary system in workers from various areas. Material and Methods: A search of scientific literature related to the research objective uses databases PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus and Ovid was performed. The following search terms will be used: “particulate matter”, “air pollution”, “occupational exposure”, associating with the terms: “cardiovascular effects”, “pulmonary effects”, “lung function”, “cardiovascular disease” and “ pulmonary”. disease “. Results: out of 220 potential articles, 50 articles were selected, of which 10 expose the influence of particulate matter in the workplace. Conclusions: the main results are that the occupational exposure to particulate matter generates especially health problems, showing a greater effect in the decrease of lung function and increase in blood pressure, related to the appearance of occupational diseases such as asbestosis, silicosis, pneumoconiosis, acute myocardial infarction and cardiac arrhythmias.